Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2026, 28(2):C35-C46 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2026.024

Design and Permanent Magnets Reduction of Linear Oscillatory Machine for Reciprocating Drives in Transport

Matúš Horník ORCID...1, *, Pavol Rafajdus ORCID...1, Hao Chen2, Yassen Gorbounov ORCID...3, Gojko Joksimović ORCID...4
1 University of Zilina, Department of Power System and Electric Drives, Zilina, Slovakia
2 China University of Mining and Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Xuzhou, China
3 New Bulgarian University, Department of Informatics, Sofia, Bulgaria
4 University of Montenegro, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Podgorica, Montenegro

Electric vehicles (EVs) require efficient compressors for air-conditioning and battery thermal management, typically driven by a dedicated electric motor. In this paper is dealt with the design and optimization of a stator-magnet transverse-flux linear oscillatory machine (SMTLOM) intended for such compressor applications. The topology employs permanent magnets embedded in the stator, enabling simplified assembly, improved vibration robustness, and reduced dependence on rare-earth materials. A detailed 3D finite element analysis was conducted to maximize the performance, while minimizing the volume of permanent magnets. The results demonstrate the feasibility of SMTLOM for EV compressor drives and highlight the trade-offs between force capability, efficiency, and magnet usage.

Keywords: linear compressor, electric vehicle, stator-magnet moving-iron transversal-flux linear machine, three-dimensional finite-element analysis, dual-mode current excitation, rare-earth magnet reduction, force profile optimization
Grants and funding:

The authors would like to thank BSH Drives and Pumps s.r.o. for their support during this research. This research was funded by the Slovak Research and Development Agency APVV No. DS-FR-24-0056 and KEGA K-25-010-00.

Conflicts of interest:

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Received: February 12, 2026; Accepted: March 28, 2026; Prepublished online: April 17, 2026; Published: April 24, 2026  Show citation

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Horník, M., Rafajdus, P., Chen, H., Gorbounov, Y., & Joksimović, G. (2026). Design and Permanent Magnets Reduction of Linear Oscillatory Machine for Reciprocating Drives in Transport. Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina, 28(2), C35-46. doi: 10.26552/com.C.2026.024
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