Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2006, 8(2):75-80 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2006.2.75-80
Older Low-Efficient Boilers Brown Coal-Fired, Generated Emissions and Diffusion of Imissions
- 1 Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Technical University in Zvolen, Banska Stiavnica, Slovak Republic
 - 2 Faculty of Environmental and Manufacturing Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, Slovak Republic
 - 3 Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Technical University in Kosice, Slovak Republic
 
At thermooxidizing processes generating energy from natural solid fuels, heat as its main product is accompanied with side products - solid waste and emissions, resulting in unfavourable effects on the environment. This contribution deals with the results of measurements and analyses regarding an old-fashioned type boiler unit fired by solid fuel. It showed low efficiency of older brown coal fired boilers currently used in many small companies. All of them generate pollutants - gaseous as well as solid emissions polluting the environment. Thus, they cause environmental damage in spite of their meeting emission and imission limits within their category. The imission value of tar component at low temperature of flue gases in fireplace and short time of flue gas remaining in fireplaces causes the presence of some components over the permissible imission limit.
Keywords: emissions, imissions, brown coal, solid fuel-fired small-size boilers
Published: June 30, 2006 Show citation
| ACS | AIP | APA | ASA | Harvard | Chicago | Chicago Notes | IEEE | ISO690 | MLA | NLM | Turabian | Vancouver | 
References
- Anonymous: Complete version of the Act No. 478/2002 digest, 20 August 2002, concerning air protection against polluting matters (Act for atmosphere) resulting from later changes and updating (in Slovak)
 - Regulation of ME of the SR No. 112/1993 digest 27 April 1993, Allocation of areas requiring special air protection, and operation of smog precautionary and control systems in version of later changes and statutes (in Slovak).
 - The statute of the government of the SR No. 706/2002 executing the Act No. 478/2002 digest, the Air protection against polluting matter (Act for atmosphere air) in wording of later regulations. In Slovak.
 - Technical standard OTN ®P 2002: 96 Air protection. Single-shot measurement of emission and imission polluting surrounding air. Requisites of measurement report (in Slovak).
 - Slovak technical standard STN ISO 10 780. Stationary sources of polluting. Measurement of speed and volume flow in pipes (in Slovak.)
 - Slovak technical standard STN ISO 9096. Stationary sources of pollution. Stating of concentration and mass flow of solid polluting matter in flowing gas (in Slovak). Manual gravimetric method.
 - Uncertainty determination of analytical measurement (in Slovak). Eurachem Slovakia. Bratislava, editted by J. Garaj. 1995, pp. 96. In Slovak.
 - BLAHO, J.: Emission of polluting matter generated by VSB-4 boiler brown coal fired (in Slovak). Measurement report, Ekolab Zvolen, 30 p. In Slovak, 1999.
 - Slovak technical standard 83 4711, the part 1. Measurement of emission: Sulphur Oxide, Sulphuric acid and total sulphur oxide content from polluting air sources (in Slovak).
 - Regulation No. 41/1997 digest, Quantity determination of polluting matter emitted and data about observance of fixed emission polluting limit (in Slovak).
 - VIRÈÍKOVÁ, E.: Experiences in appraisal of hospital waste incinerators and view of technical possibility of waste processing regarding current interpretation (in Slovak). Proceedings of the conference "Emission Limits". DT ZSVTS Bratislava, pp. 184-191, 1997.
 - SABÓ, G.: MODIM - calculating programme for imission diffusion (in Slovak). Bulletin of ME of the SR, No. 5, point I.5, 1996.
 - HORBAJ, P.: Present state of preparation of biofuels from waste and biomass (in Slovak). In: European Commission Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy, CLEANWEB Technical Workshop in collaboration with EU Candidate Countries, Recovered fuels from waste and biomass: Methods of syngas / biofuels / biogas production and cleaning; Fuel utilisation for energy production; 9. - 10. 12. 2003, Bergen, Holandsko http://ie.jrc.cec.eu.int/prewin
 - FRUHAUFOVÁ, I.: Actualization of environmental regionalization SR - work for ArcView (in Slovak). Enviromagazín, 4/2003, ISSN 1335-1877.
 - KUNCA, V., 2003: Critical loads of selected forest ecosystems in the Poµana Biosphere Reserve (in Slovak). Scientific essay, 4/2003/A, Technical University in Zvolen, pp. 72
 - KUNCA, V., 2004: Soil resistance against anthropogenic acidification in the Protected Landscape Area - Biosphere Reserve Poµana (in Slovak). Acta Facultatis Ecologiae, 12, Technical University in Zvolen, pp. 17-21.
 - KUNCA, V., ©TEFFEK, J., OLAH, B., GAVLAS, V., WIEZIK, M., 2005: Dynamics of ecosystems in ©tiavnické vrchy Mts (Evaluation from point of view of landscape utilization changes, structure of chosen zoocenosis and forest ecosystem stability). Technical University in Zvolen, pp. 103
 - KUNCA, V., 2005: Determination of base cations amount released by weathering in forest soils as the one of main parameters in critical loads calculations (in Slovak). Acta Faculta tis Ecologiae, 13, Technical University in Zvolen, pp. 61-69.
 
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

