Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2023, 25(4):A164-A174 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2023.072

Improving the Management of Operations of the E-Scooter Services in Sicily: A First Step of a Descriptive Statistical Survey

Tiziana Campisi ORCID...1, *, Chiara Vianello ORCID...2, 3, Emre Kuºkapan ORCID...4, Muhammed Yasin Çodur ORCID...5, Giulia De Cet ORCID...2
1 Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Enna, Italy
2 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
3 Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
4 Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
5 College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait

The recent pandemic has changed the modal choices of users in the urban context, highlighting in the last two years an increase in the diffusion of electric scooters, which is not homogeneous in the Italian context. At the beginning of 2020, the first e-scooter services were launched in Sicily, with the city of Palermo leading the way. A survey was therefore conducted in Sicily involving approximately 550 regular users of e-scooter services. The descriptive statistical analysis undertaken compared three different periods pre, during and post pandemic, with particular attention to the gender and age gap and different trends in the diffusion of multimodality. The results provide not only some suggestions for the improvement of services by managers but some suggestions to local administrators for implementation of democratic and sustainable planning steps, as well.

Keywords: e-scooter, user clustering, pandemic, mobility and social aspects
Grants and funding:


The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this article.

Conflicts of interest:


The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Received: March 27, 2023; Accepted: September 29, 2023; Prepublished online: September 29, 2023; Published: October 24, 2023  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Campisi, T., Vianello, C., Kuºkapan, E., Çodur, M.Y., & De Cet, G. (2023). Improving the Management of Operations of the E-Scooter Services in Sicily: A First Step of a Descriptive Statistical Survey. Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina25(4), A164-174. doi: 10.26552/com.C.2023.072
Download citation

References

  1. TZOURAS, P. G., MITROPOULOS, L., STAVROPOULOU, E., ANTONIOU, E., KOLIOU, K., KAROLEMEAS, C., KARALOULIS, A., MITROPOULOS, K., TAROUSI, M., VLAHOGIANNI, E. I., KEPAPTSOGLOU, K. Agent-based models for simulating e-scooter sharing services: a review and a qualitative assessment. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology [online]. 2022, 12(1), p. 71-85. ISSN 2046-0430, eISSN 2046-0449. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJTST.2022.02.001 Go to original source...
  2. SEVERENGIZ, S., SCHELTE, N., BRACKE, S. Analysis of the environmental impact of e-scooter sharing services considering product reliability characteristics and durability. Procedia CIRP [online]. 2021, 96, p. 181-188. eISSN 2212-8271. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCIR.2021.01.072 Go to original source...
  3. CARROLL, P. Perceptions of electric scooters prior to legalisation: a case study of Dublin, Ireland, the ´final frontier´ of adopted e-scooter use in Europe. Sustainability [online]. 2022, 14(18), 11376. eISSN 2071-1050. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/SU141811376 Go to original source...
  4. PAZZINI, M., CAMELI, L., LANTIERI, C., VIGNALI, V., DONDI, G., JONSSON, T. New micromobility means of transport: an analysis of e-scooter users´ behaviour in Trondheim. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health [online]. 2022, 19(12), 7374. eISSN 1660-4601. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH19127374 Go to original source...
  5. SOKOLOWSKI, M. M. Laws and policies on electric scooters in the European Union: a ride to the micromobility directive? European Energy and Environmental Law Review [online]. 2020, 29(4), p. 127-140. Available from: https://doi.org/10.54648/EELR2020036 Go to original source...
  6. IGNACCOLO, M., INTURRI, G., COCUZZA, E., GIUFFRIDA, N., LE PIRA, M., TORRISI, V. Developing micromobility in urban areas: network planning criteria for e-scooters and electric micromobility devices. Transportation Research Procedia [online]. 2022, 60, p. 448-455. ISSN 2352-1457, eISSN 2352-1465. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRPRO.2021.12.058 Go to original source...
  7. MURROS, O., PUOLAKKAINEN, T., ABIO, A., THOREN, H., SNALL, J. Urban drinking and driving: comparison of electric scooter and bicycle related accidents in facial fracture patients. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal [online]. 2023, 28(3), p. e238-e246. ISSN 1698-4447, eISSN 1698-6946. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4317/MEDORAL.25662 Go to original source...
  8. DIAS, G., ARSENIO, E., RIBEIRO, P. The role of shared e-scooter systems in urban sustainability and resilience during the COVID-19 mobility restrictions. Sustainability [online]. 2021, 13(13), 7084. eISSN 2071-1050. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137084 Go to original source...
  9. KLEINERTZ, H., VOLK, A., DALOS, D., RUTKOWSKI, R., FROSCH, K. H., THIESEN, D. M. Risk factors and injury patterns of e-scooter associated injuries in Germany. Scientific Reports [online]. 2023, 13, 706. eISSN 2045-2322. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25448-z Go to original source...
  10. WEI, W., PETIT, Y., ARNOUX, P. J., BAILLY, N. Head-ground impact conditions and helmet performance in e-scooter falls. Accident Analysis and Prevention [online]. 2023, 181, 106935. ISSN 0001-4575, eISSN 1879-2057. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AAP.2022.106935 Go to original source...
  11. CAMPISI, T., NIKITAS, A., AL-RASHID, M. A., NIKIFORIADIS, A., TESORIERE, G., BASBAS, S. The rise of e-scooters in Palermo: a SWOT analysis and travel time study. In: Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2022 Workshops. Lecture Notes in Computer Science [online]. GERVASI, O., MURGANTE, B., MISRA, S., ROCHA, A. M. A. C., GARAU, C. (eds.). Vol 13380. Cham: Springer, 2022. ISBN 978-3-031-10541-8, eISBN 978-3-031-10542-5, p. 469-483. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10542-5_32 Go to original source...
  12. LI, A., ZHAO, P., LIU, X., MANSOURIAN, A., AXHAUSEN, K. W., QU, X. Comprehensive comparison of e-scooter sharing mobility: evidence from 30 European cities. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment [online]. 2022, 105, 103229. ISSN 1361-9209, eISSN 1879-2340. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRD.2022.103229 Go to original source...
  13. CARRESE, S., GIACCHETTI, T., NIGRO, M., ALGERI, G., CECCARELLI, G. Analysis and management of e-scooter sharing service in Italy. In: 2021 7th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems MT-ITS 2021: proceedings [online]. IEEE. 2021. ISBN 978-1-7281-8995-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/MT-ITS49943.2021.9529274 Go to original source...
  14. MOHAMMADIAN, A., RAHIMI, E., JAVADINASR, M., SHAMSHIRIPOUR, A., DAVATGARI, A., ALLAHYARI, A., BROWN, T. Analyzing the impacts of a successful diffusion of shared e-scooters and other micromobility devices and efficient management strategies for successful operations in Illinois [online]. FHWA-ICT-22-006. Chicago: Illinois Center for Transportation, 2022. ISSN 0197-9191. Available from: https://doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/22-006 Go to original source...
  15. LAA, B., LETH, U. Survey of e-scooter users in Vienna: who they are and how they ride. Journal of Transport Geography [online]. 2020, 89, 102874. ISSN 0966-6923, eISSN 1873-1236. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTRANGEO.2020.102874 Go to original source...
  16. 6th national report on sharing mobility (in Italian) [online]. 2022. Available from: https://osservatoriosharingmobility.it/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/6-Rapporto-Nazionale-sharing-mobility.pdf
  17. CHICCO, A., DIANA, M. Understanding micro-mobility usage patterns: a preliminary comparison between dockless bike sharing and e-scooters in the city of Turin (Italy). Transportation Research Procedia [online]. 2022, 62, p. 459-466. ISSN 2352-1457, eISSN 2352-1465. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2022.02.057 Go to original source...
  18. CAMPISI, T., AKGUN, N., TICALI, D., TESORIERE, G. Exploring public opinion on personal mobility vehicle use: a case study in Palermo, Italy. Sustainability [online]. 2020, 12(13), 5460. eISSN 2071-1050. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12135460 Go to original source...
  19. CAMPISI, T., AKGUN, N., TESORIERE, G. An ordered logit model for predicting the willingness of renting micro mobility in urban shared streets: a case study in Palermo, Italy. In: Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science [online]. GERVASI, O., MURGANTE, B., MISRA, S., GARAU, CH., BLECIC, I., TANIAR, D., APDUHAN, B. O., ROCHA, A. M. A. C., TARANTINO, E., TORRE, C. M., KARACA, Y. Vol 12250. Cham: Springer, 2020. ISBN 978-3-030-58801-4, eISBN 978-3-030-58802-1, p. 796-808. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58802-1_57 Go to original source...
  20. CAMPISI, T., AKGUN-TANBAY, N., MD NAHIDUZZAMAN, K., DISSANAYAKE, D. Uptake of e-scooters in Palermo, Italy: do the road users tend to rent, buy or share? In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science [online]. GERVASI, O., MURGANTE, B., MISRA, S., GARAU, CH., BLECIC, I., TANIAR, D., APDUHAN, B. O., ROCHA, A. M. A. C., TARANTINO, E., TORRE, C. M. (eds.).Vol. 12953. Cham: Springer, 2021. ISBN 978-3-030-86975-5, eISBN 978-3-030-86976-2, p. 669-682. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86976-2_46 Go to original source...
  21. Public transit statistics by country and city - moovit Insights [online]. Available from: https://moovitapp.com/insights/it/Analisi_Moovit_sull_indice_per_la_mobilit%C3%A0_pubblica-countries
  22. CAMPISI, T., SKOUFAS, A., KALTSIDIS, A., BASBAS, S. Gender equality and e-scooters: mind the gap! A statistical analysis of the Sicily Region, Italy. Social Sciences [online]. 2021, 10(10), 403. eISSN 2076-0760. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/SOCSCI10100403 Go to original source...
  23. Palermo - Open Street Map [online]. https://www.openstreetmap.org/search?query=palermo#map=11/38.1373/13.3472&layers=HN
  24. Wind mobility [online]. Available from: https://www.camera.it/application/xmanager/projects/leg18/attachments/upload_file_doc_acquisiti/pdfs/000/006/288/19._Memoria_Wind_Mobility.pdf
  25. DELLA MURA, M., FAILLA, S., GORI, N., MICUCCI, A., PAGANELLI, F. E-scooter presence in urban areas: are consistent rules, paying attention and smooth infrastructure enough for safety? Sustainability [online]. 2022, 14(21), 14303. eISSN 2071-1050. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114303 Go to original source...
  26. D'APUZZO, M., EVANGELISTI, A., CAPPELLI, G., NICOLOSI, V. An introductory step to develop distance decay functions in the Italian context to assess the modal split to e-bike and e-scooter. In: 2022 Second International Conference on Sustainable Mobility Applications, Renewables and Technology SMART: proceedings [online]. IEEE. 2023. ISBN 978-3-031-37122-6, eISBN 978-3-031-37123-3, p. 194-208. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37123-3_16 Go to original source...
  27. Decree 18 August 2022 - Ministry of sustainable infrastructures and mobility [online]. Available from: https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2022/08/30/22A04913/sg
  28. INGOGLIA, M. Mobility as a service: state of the art overview, criticalities, Italian proposals and analysis of people's opinions and behaviour [online]. Master's degree thesis. Turin: Politecnico di Torino, 2022. Available from: http://webthesis.biblio.polito.it/id/eprint/25518
  29. BIANCHI, A., GALLINA, S., CIANFLONE, F., TAFURI, A., CERRUTO, M. A., ANTONELLI, A. E-scooter accidents: a rising cause of kidney injury. Urologia Journal [online]. 2022, 89(4), p. 506-510. ISSN 0391-5603, eISSN 1724-6075. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/0391560321103761 Go to original source...
  30. DIANA, M., CHICCO, A. The spatial reconfiguration of parking demand due to car sharing diffusion: a simulated scenario for the cities of Milan and Turin (Italy). Journal of Transport Geography [online]. 2022, 98, 103276. ISSN 0966-6923, eISSN 1873-1236. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103276 Go to original source...
  31. GRIFFEE, J., CURRANS, K. M., LYONS, T., FITZPATRICK, Q. Scooting into a new era: a review of agency regulations on shared e-scooter programs. 2021.
  32. NOCERINO, R., COLORNI, A., LIA, F., LUE, A. E-bikes and e-scooters for smart logistics: environmental and economic sustainability in pro-e-bike Italian pilots. Transportation Research Procedia [online]. 2016, 14, p. 2362-2371. ISSN 2352-1457, eISSN 2352-1465. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.267 Go to original source...
  33. LIAZOS, A., ILIOPOULOU, C., KEPAPTSOGLOU, K., BAKOGIANNIS, E. Geofence planning for electric scooters. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment [online]. 2022, 102, 103149. ISSN 1361-9209, eISSN 1879-2340. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2021.103149 Go to original source...
  34. DIOGO, V., SANNA, V. S., BERNAT, A., VAICIUKYNAITE, E. In the scenario of sustainable mobility and pandemic emergency: experiences of bike-and e-scooter-sharing schemes in Budapest, Lisbon, Rome and Vilnius. In: Becoming a platform in europe - on the governance of the collaborative economy [online]. TELI, M., BASSETTI, CH. (eds.). Boston - Delfit: now publishers, 2021. ISBN 978-1-68083-840-4, e-ISBN 978-1-68083-841-1, p. 59-89. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1561/9781680838411.ch4 Go to original source...
  35. VINAGRE DIAZ, J. J., FERNANDEZ POZO, R., RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, A. B., WILBY, M. R., ANVARI, B. Blind classification of e-scooter trips according to their relationship with public transport. Transportation [online]. 2023, p. 1-22. ISSN 0049-4488, eISSN 1572-9435. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-023-10382-4 Go to original source...
  36. Voi launches enhanced "Parking Photo" feature to promote safe parking habits [online]. Available from: https://www.voi.com/blog/voi-launches-enhanced-parking-photo-feature/
  37. CORTICELLI, R., PAZZINI, M., DRAGONETTI, L., MAZZOLI, C., LANTIERI, C., FERRANTE, A., SIMONE, A. Analysis and evaluation of mobility solutions and targeted interventions to support the urban regeneration of the canal port of Rimini. In: 6th Conference on Sustainable Urban Mobility CSUM 2022: proceedings [online]. 2022. ISBN 978-3-031-23720-1, eISBN 978-3-031-23721-8, p. 1663-1675. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23721-8_129 Go to original source...
  38. FAZIO, M., GIUFFRIDA, N., LE PIRA, M., INTURRI, G., IGNACCOLO, M. Planning suitable transport networks for e-scooters to foster micromobility spreading. Sustainability [online]. 2021, 13(20), 11422. eISSN 2071-1050. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011422 Go to original source...
  39. CURRANS, K. M., IROZ-ELARDO, N., EWING, R., CHOI, D. A., SIRACUSE, B., LYONS, T., FITZPATRICK, Q., GRIFFEE, J. Scooting to a new era in active transportation: examining the use and safety of e-scooters [online]. Final report 1281. Portland: National Institute for Transportation and Communities, 2022. Available from: https://ppms.trec.pdx.edu/media/project_files/NITC-RR-1281_Scooting_to_a_New_Era_in_Active_Transportation.pdf Go to original source...
  40. Statistical repertoire - Municipality of Palermo [online]. Available from: https://www.comune.palermo.it/palermo-statistica.php?sez=187&sel=7&per=2021∩=8

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.