Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina, 2024 (vol. 26), issue 3
Operation and Economics in Transport
Assessing the Impact of Three-Wheelers on Traffic Flow in India: A Case Study Using Ann
Malaya Mohanty, Madhu Lisha Pattanaik, Satya Ranjan Samal, Shivam
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):A50-A65 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.033 
This study explores the significant role of three-wheelers (3W) on urban road traffic, focusing on the reduction in average vehicle speeds and its consequential impact on the Level of Service (LOS) of the road. Data collected from various traffic volumes reveal significant speed reductions ranging from 4 % to 35 % due to the movement of 3Ws on the road. To model this phenomenon, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is employed. The resulting reductions in speed, induced by the 3W, trigger LOS degradation, leading to congestion and delays. A noteworthy finding is that the traffic flow naturally gravitates towards the LOS C, underscoring the substantial role...
Mechanical Engineering in Transport
The TE33A Series Diesel Locomotive Brake Equipment Tests
Seidulla Abdullayev
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):B142-B154 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.029
The purpose of the article was to present the results of braking equipment testing and determination of the adequacy of compressed air production of the braking system when the train is loaded. Experimental tests of the braking system of TE33A diesel locomotive in a goods train are performed. According to the initial data the main parameters of the braking system in the empty and loaded train were evaluated. As a result of tests, and according to the calculated data, the dependences of the volume of the main reservoirs, and the dependences of the required compressor capacity, on the number of axles have been obtained. It has been established that the...
Assessment of the Quality Indicators of the Carriage Movement by Directly Measuring the Forces of Interaction between the Wheels and Rails
Oleksij Fomin, Pavlo Prokopenko
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):B155-B166 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.030
This work describes the features and methods of measuring the forces of interaction between the wheel pairs and rails by measuring wheel deformations at control points. The work also contains recommendations for direct measurements of the forces of interaction between the wheels and rails to determine the actual margin of stability of wheel pairs from derailment. The result of the work is general requirements for the system of direct measurement of the strength of interaction of the high-speed rolling stock wheel pairs with rails and scientifically based recommendations for direct measurement of the interaction forces of wheels and rails. The problems...
Increasing the Traffic Safety Level of Rolling Stock by Wheel Condition Monitoring Using an Automated Measuring Complex
Sergii Kliuiev, Stanislav Semenov, Evgeny Mikhailov, Ján Dižo, Miroslav Blatnický, Vadym Ishchuk
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):B167-B174 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.031
The rail rolling stock undercarriage condition monitoring is proposed by using an automated measuring system, located on the railway track and measuring the specified parameters of the wheels directly, while the train is moving. Regular undercarriage condition monitoring reduces the costs of preventive maintenance of rolling stock without compromising the traffic safety. An algorithm has been developed for the operation of a special software package for visualizing and assessing monitoring data on the condition of the undercarriage of rail rolling stock. The software package consists of separate software modules that can be used independently of each...
Exemplary Determination of the Adhesion Ellipses Based on Simulation of an Accelerating Motor Vehicle
Jarosław Zalewski
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):B175-B186 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.032
In the paper, some selected results concerning the ellipses of adhesion for various conditions of motion of a vehicle model, have been presented. The analysis, regarding the phenomena between the road and the wheels of the given motor vehicle's model, was previously carried out in the earlier paper by the author. However, they proved useful for the second part of research based on determination of the ellipses of adhesion. This can enable answering the question whether the road conditions may affect the maximum longitudinal and lateral forces combining such ellipses in the contact plane between the road and the wheels. The analysis has been presented...
Transport Efficiency Strategies in Assembly Workplace: A Case Study
Dariusz Plinta, Ľuboslav Dulina, Beáta Furmannová, Ján Zuzik
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):B187-B198 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.035
In this article, improvements in assembly workplace layouts in an industrial context are investigated to enhance productivity and efficiency. The installation of the Cleaner M300 device is focused on, existing layout challenges are identified, and targeted improvements are proposed. Data collection, analysis, and real-world experimentation are employed to evaluate current workplace conditions and potential enhancements, including material flow dynamics and transport cart utilization. Proposed solutions are aimed at streamlining assembly processes, minimizing material transportation time, and boosting operational efficiency. The effectiveness of these...
Structural Analysis of Designed Tubes under Axial Compression: Variations of Applied Temperature, Material Type, and Geometry Design
Hensa Akbar Al Kautsar, Anandito Adam Pratama, Suryanto Suryanto, Aditya Rio Prabowo, Ristiyanto Adiputra, Heru Sukanto, Bambang Kusharjanta, Hermes Carvalho
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):B199-B215 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.036
The research presented in this article consisted of analysis of the ship structural accidents at low temperatures and the effect of carbon percentage in various classifications of carbon steel, compared to the high tensile strength steel materials. The objective of this research was to fill the knowledge gap by expanding the understanding of the influence of low temperature, material, and structure on the axial compression test of tubes. The simulations as idealization of the compression test were conducted with variations in temperature, material carbon percentage, and geometry shape, using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The results showed that at...
Study of the Strength of the Open Wagon Hatch Door with Rectangular Corrugations under Static Loads
Juraj Gerlici, Alyona Lovska
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):B216-B225 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.039
Rail transport has been the leading sector of the whole transport network. In order to improve the efficiency of its functioning, it is important to develop measures that may help reduce the maintenance cost. To improve the open wagon hatch door strength, it is proposed to make it with rectangular corrugations. The results of calculations show that, taking into account the proposed solution, the weight of the improved hatch door is almost 10% lower than the weight of a typical one.
Electrical Engineering in Transport
A Particle Swarm Optimization Based Fuzzy Flcpi-Pso Controller for Quadcopter System
Mohammed Baba, Fateh Bounaama, Sid Bennaceur, Aissa Benhammou, Mohammed Amine Soumeur
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):C9-C20 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.027
The quadcopter persist as important roles across diverse applications, and the enhancement of their control efficacy has been the subject of extensive research. In this work, the authors proposed optimal Proportional Integral (PI) controller based Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) for the roll, pitch, altitude, and yaw motions of the quadcopter system. The proposed technique uses the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to tune the parameters of the FLC and enhance the quadcopter performance. The simulation results show that the proposed technique achieves smoothness of control and significant improvement over classical techniques, as the rise...
The Power Analysis of Semiconductor Devices in Multi-Phase Traction Inverter Topologies Applicable in the Automotive Industry
Jakub Šimčák, Michal Frivaldský, Patrik Resutík
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):C21-C38 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.034
The article deals with the power analysis of semiconductor devices nowadays commonly used in perspective traction inverter topologies suitable for automotive industry applications. The power analysis is devoted to topologies, which are the Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) topology and perspective three-level alternatives, which are the Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) and T-type Neutral Point Clamped (T-NPC) traction inverter topologies. The main part of the power analysis of the proposed topologies is done on multi-phase versions (specifically six-phase). Mentioned topologies are modelled through the use of the simulation environment PLECS, while the focus...
Civil Engineering in Transport
Generalized Ordered Logit Model with Testing Assumptions: A Case Study of Using Urban Light Rail in Bursa
Nurten Akgun, Tiziana Campisi, Muhammed Talha Sunar
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):D38-D51 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.028
Logistic regression has been a widely used prediction technique to analyze categorical variables. However, if the assumptions are violated the results may be biased. The study in this paper applied an analytical technique namely generalized ordered logit model. A case study of using urban light rail under pandemic conditions was applied for the analysis. The results suggested that logistic regression should not be applied before exploring the multicollinearity and applying the test of parallel lines. If the assumptions are violated, generalized ordered logit model should be considered. Regarding the predictive variables, sociodemographic, socioeconomic...
Examining the Effect of Geometric Design Features on the Speed in Horizontal Curve on Mountain Road
Ehsan Ramezani-Khansari, Fereidoon Moghadas Nejad, Sina Moogehi
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):D52-D62 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.037
In this study, the effect of five geometric design features, including radius, superelevation, longitudinal grade, lane and shoulder width, on the average speed in the horizontal curve on a two-lane undivided rural road was investigated. The standardized regression coefficients showed that the most important factor affecting the speed was the radius (10.47) followed by the longitudinal grade (4.46). Superelevation and lane width had little effect. Shoulder width had no significant effect. This would be due to the wide width of the lanes. It was found that the relationships between speed and radius, longitudinal grade, superelevation and lane...
Management Science and Informatics in Transport
Impact of AI Technologies on Operations of Small and Medium Transport Businesses
Vojislava Nićin, Slobodan Nićin, Milovan Mirkov
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(3):E12-E24 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.038
In this article, the authors present a study on artificial intelligence (AI) integration in transportation and storage SMEs, focusing on research questions, literature reviews, hypotheses, sample selection, and data analysis. They explored current AI support and perceptions and plans of SMEs in this sector. The authors addressed the lack of literature on AI use in transport SMEs and investigated factors, such as AI adoption, benefits perception, company size correlation, and investment willingness. Data was collected from 163 SMEs in Serbia and Slovakia, revealing challenges in participant identification due to low AI use. Declining AI adoption rates...