Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina, 2024 (vol. 26), issue 1
Operation and Economics in Transport
Experimental Investigation of Performance of the Rotorcraft Directional Rudder
Andrej Novák, Karol ¦cisłowski, Rafał Kliza, Robert B±bel, Zbigniew Czyż, Paweł Karpiński
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):A1-A10 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.007 
The paper presents the results of gyrocopter fuselage experiment testing in a wind tunnel. The model subjected to testing was made in 1:8 scale by 3D printing. The tests included the measurement of forces and aerodynamic moments acting on the model, for a variable fuselage sideslip angle (-20º to 20º), and for three different positions of the rudder setting (0º, +5º, +10º). The measurement was carried out at an airspeed of 25 to 26 m/s. Based on the measured values, aerodynamic drag coefficients, lift coefficient and aerodynamic moment coefficients with respect to all axes of the reference system, were determined. The measurements...
Bibliometric Overview of Current Trends in Maritime Transport: The Issue of a Special Interest in Delivery of a Consignment as a Tool to Achieve Sustainability of International Transport
Jarmila Sosedová, Martin Jurkovič, Alena Molnárová Baracková, Jana Majerová, Piotr Gorzelanczyk, Ondrej Stopka
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):A11-A21 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.008
The sustainability of international transport remains a critical topic of concern in both theory and practice. Ideally, scientific literature should align with practical needs, but such concurrence is not always present. This disparity is also evident in the specific issue of consignment delivery, which is currently of a great practical importance but lacks sufficient coverage in scientific literature. This paper aims to analyse current trends in maritime transport and their relevance to achieving global sustainability in international transportation. Additionally, it seeks to compare these findings with the practical needs and requirements of the...
The Experience Economy in the Systems of Urban and Regional Transport - from a Change of Location to Positive Emotional Impressions during Movements
Jozef Gnap, Grzegorz Dydkowski, Anna Urbanek
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):A22-A36 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.009
The achievements of the experience economy show that, when using services, not only their useful value is important, i.e., changing the location in the case of transport, but also related positive experiences and impressions are of increasingly great importance. Hence, the aim of the research was to assess and indicate the directions of application possibilities of the experience economy in the urban and regional transport. There were used methods of analysis of the current theoretical achievements of the experience economy and the social studies into the use of cars, as well as the methods of analogy, brainstorming, synthesis, and modelling. The personalization...
The Impact of the Safe following Distance onto the Traffic Safety
Rafał Jurecki, Miloą Poliak
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):A37-A49 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.014
This paper provides an analysis of the values of safety distance between the two moving vehicles, based on the parameters of the behaviour of young drivers. The main objective of this research was to determine the driver's response time for braking manoeuvre (BRT) in car-following situations. The test results were used to verify certain recommendations for the vehicle driving parameters, the principles of driver's performance to increase road traffic safety, etc. The driver's response times, determined during the testing in the simulator, were used to assess the recommended values of the safe following distance under different road conditions and various...
Mechanical Engineering in Transport
Increasing the Reliability of Water Transport via the Usage of Modified Epoxy Coatings
Andrii Buketov, Oleg Lyashuk, Oleksandr Sapronov, Sergii Smetankin, Mykhailo Babiy, Oleg Bezbach, Oleg Tson, Vitalii Levytskyi, Raisa Chornii
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):B1-B10 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.001
In solving the problem of energy and resource conservation in transport, polymer composites are of paramount importance. Polymer composite using makes it possible to significantly improve the mechanical properties of the materials and simultaneously to increase the durability of the parts of transport machines. The authors of this article focus on the substantiation of introducing the modifier 4.4'-methylenebis(2-methoxyaniline) with low concentrations into the epoxy resin. Such materials are characterized by increased mechanical strength and the ability to withstand static, dynamic stresses, as well as impact loads, since the values of the properties...
Impact of Consumer Value on the Selection of a Safe Child Seat
Damian Frej, Paweł Grabski
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):B11-B21 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.002
Unfortunately, nowadays, choosing the right child seat is a real problem, especially for new parents. When choosing a child seat, parents have to consider many factors. These include the method of mounting the seat, the mass of the seat, compatibility with a pram and information about crash tests and approvals. The main purpose of the article is to draw attention to the problem of choosing a safe child seat and the purchasing preferences of parents or legal guardians who decide to buy a child seat. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on a group of 950 people with children. The conducted research has shown that the main parameter influencing the...
Predictive Assessment of Bus Body Life in the Matlab Simulink Software Environment
Dmytro Ruban, Olena Lanets, Lubomyr Kraynyk, Stepan Kovalyshyn, Hanna Ruban, Radovan Madleňák, Magdalena Maciaszczyk
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):B22-B30 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.003
The lifespan prediction of the bus body of the load-bearing structure has been made and compared to the results of real operation. The maximum approximation of the simulation modelling results in Matlab Simulink to real operation is explained by taking into account a sufficient number of factors influencing durability. This research has the particularity that it allows determining the durability of the bus body even at the design stage, which was not possible with accelerated tests or during the operation of the bus on real routes. The obtained results can be used by bus manufacturers at the design stage, allowing them to change the construction and...
Method for Determining the Factor of Dual Wedge-Shaped Wear of Composite Brake Pads for Freight Wagons
Sergii Panchenko, Juraj Gerlici, Alyona Lovska, Glib Vatulia, Vasyl Ravlyuk, Andrij Rybin
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):B31-B40 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.006
The work highlights the results of a study into the dual wedge-shaped wear of composite brake pads for freight wagons. It has been found that the over-normative wear makes the area of a composite brake pad larger in the lower part up to a value directly proportional to the wagon mileage and smaller in the upper part. To assess the braking efficiency of a rail vehicle, a graphical analytical method has been developed; it allows determining the factor of dual wedge-shaped wear of pads depending on the wagon mileage. The results of calculation were verified by comparing two samplings obtained by mathematical and computer modelling. The results of...
Development of Calculation Methodology for Optimizing the Operating Mode of an Electric Pulse Unit for Cleaning Exhaust Gases
Adil Kadyrov, Aliya Kukesheva, Yevgeniy Kryuchkov, Igor Pak, Bakyt Kurmasheva, Sapar Kabikenov
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):B41-B53 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.011
The results of research, devoted to operation of an electric pulse muffler designed for cleaning exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, are presented in this article. The problem considered in this research is establishing the optimal operating mode of the electric pulse muffler by changing the parameters of the distance between the electrodes and the frequency of the electric pulse. To solve this problem, experimental research on laboratory and experimental stands was carried out, which confirmed effective reduction of the gas smoke indices at adjustment of the specified parameters. As a result, a methodology was developed to calculate the...
Analysis of Grain Damage by the Bucket Elevator during Loading/Unloading
Askhat Nurmagambetov, Ayap Kurmanov, Kuanysh Ryspayev, Zhumash Bekmyrza, Andrey Keklis
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):B54-B62 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.013
The purpose of the study was to identify problematic issues in the operation of bucket elevators during the loading and unloading of grain, which can lead to damage to seeds. To achieve this goal, methods of analysis and evaluation of factors that affect the damage rate of grain were used. The main results were an increase in the safety of the grain loading and unloading process using bucket elevators and a reduction in the risks of crop losses. The analysis of grain damage by a bucket elevator is of practical importance for the agricultural sector and can bring the following practical benefits: reducing the risk of product losses, as it helps to identify...
Optimization Biodiesel Production from Honge Oil (Pongamia Pinnata)
D. Nandkishore, Patil Sanjay, Dandavate Abhijit, Gaikwad Mahesh Krishna
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):B63-B71 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.015
Rapid industrialization and increased diesel engine usage have driven up diesel consumption, burdening economies with heavy petroleum product imports. Diesel fuel emissions, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and smoke, pose environmental concerns. Biodiesel produced from non-edible vegetable oils offers a sustainable solution.
Civil Engineering in Transport
Reliability Analysis of Benchmark Water Distribution System
Suja S Nair, P L Meyyappan
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):D1-D10 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.005
Water is a necessary component of urban structures and a source of life. Nowadays water distribution system's performance might decline for various reasons, resulting in water waste, hence, to maintain a reliable water distribution network, assessing each water distribution study's validity is crucial. Therefore, this research has focused on using durability assessment to evaluate a water supply system. A water distribution network includes an overhead tank and nodes, pipelines, and nodes. The hydraulic properties of every node as well as pipe, including pressure and flow, are calculated utilizing EPANET. This research evaluates the reliability analysis...
Perception Based Level of Service for Speed Humps in Mixed Traffic Conditions - a Case Study in India
Satya Ranjan Samal, Malaya Mohanty, Piotr Gorzelańczyk
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):D11-D26 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.010
Speed humps are used to reduce vehicle speeds and enhance the road safety. However, there has been very limited study that discusses the Level of Service (LOS) that a speed hump provides to its road users. The present study attempts to designate LOS for movement on speed humps based on user perception. A perception-based survey in google forms was collected to assess the opinions of daily commuters while moving over speed humps along their regular routes to work which comprised various socio demographic and technical factors along with recommendations and suggestions. The study employed clustering technique to determine the Level of Service range....
Safety and Security Engineering in Transport
Analysis of the Technical Condition of the Road Infrastructure of the Greater Poland Voivodship from the Aspect of Road Traffic Safety in 2010-2021
Piotr Gorzelańczyk, Sara Szoja
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):F1-F12 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.004
Every year a large number of vehicles travel on Poland's roads. The technical condition of vehicles largely depends on the technical condition of the road infrastructure. For this reason, the purpose of the article was to analyze the technical condition of the road infrastructure. The analysis was carried out with the help of a questionnaire survey on a random group of 380 people living and using roads in the Wielkopolska province.
An Estimate of the Number of Accidents on Polish Highways Based on the Kind of Road
Piotr Gorzelańczyk, Przemysław Grobelny
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2024, 26(1):F13-F22 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.012
A surprising number of people die on Polish highways every year. Despite the fact that number is decreasing year after year, it is still rather considerable. Due to the epidemic, the costs of the road accidents were significantly lowered, but they still remain fairly large. Understanding the roads where the majority of accidents happen and the anticipated number of accidents in the next years are necessary to lower this number. The purpose of the article was to forecast the number of accidents that would happen on Polish roads based on the kind of roads. To do this, annual accident statistics from the Police's statistics for the years 2001-2021 were...