Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina, 2007 (vol. 9), issue 2
Articles
Scripture as a Source of Chemnitz' Christology
Michal Valco
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):5-8 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.5-8 
Martin Chemnitz uses careful exegesis and Biblical scholarship to interpret the relevant texts pertaining to the sacraments in the Scriptures. Though a good systematic theologian, he does not deduce the teaching about the real presence Christ's body and blood under the elements of the bread and wine in the Lord's Supper directly from Christology. He uses the Christological teaching only as a necessary metaphysical framework for a thorough interpretation or relevant biblical texts. The sedes doctrinae (the roots and seeds of the doctrine) can be found in the words of institution in the Gospel of Matthew, Mark and Luke. These are the words of Christ...
Causa Gratiae - Theological Analysis of Augustine's on Grace and Free Will
Tomas Gulan
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):9-12 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.9-12
Augustine is unanimously considered to be the greatest church father of western Christianity. His major theological controversy was against Pelagianism, a Christian heresy identifying God's grace with His endowment of man with free choice in creation. When challenged to address the issue of juxtaposition of God's grace and human free choice, Augustine responds by writing On Grace and Free Will, where he opens his discussion by the proof of free choice. Further in the argument, however, he definitely abandons this notion and moves towards lifting up and praising the primacy and sole agency of the activity of God's grace.
Apostles Before Paul and During Paul's Times
Adrian Kacian
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):13-16 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.13-16
The concept of apostle before Paul and during his times was broad enough to embrace three groups of people - the Jerusalem appearance apostles, wandering Hellenistic missionaries commissioned by the Holy Spirit and representatives of congregation. Influenced by the Jewish legal institution of "messenger", Jesus sent out his disciples for a temporary and nationally limited pre-resurrection mission. Twenty years or so after the resurrection, the existence of two missionary concepts of apostle (the Jerusalem appearance apostles, wandering missionaries) reflects the two communities in the primitive Church (Palestinian Jewish Christianity, Hellenistic Jewish...
Environmental Issues in the Context of Health Support in the Thinking of Student Teachers
Hana Horka
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):17-20 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.17-20
The author presents the results of research among future teachers of lower classes of elementary schools on environmental issues - specifically on the issue of an environmentally friendly lifestyle in the context of health support. Describing the thinking, opinions, attitudes, and values of student teachers can influence the curriculum content of preparatory and further education.
Activating Learners in Foreign Language Lessons
Danica Gondova
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):21-23 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.21-23
The article deals with the importance of activating methods that can be applied in the process of foreign language teaching and learning and are used to stimulate learners' interest in languages and to motivate them. If learners do things actively in lessons, if they discover language rules and vocabulary for themselves, they feel engaged and involved in the process and they can remember new structures and lexical units better and for a longer period of time. In the process of active learning teacher becomes a facilitator whose most important task is to facilitate learning by following cognitive, affective and linguistic principles, by creating a supportive...
Multicultural Education and Communication Competences of the Pupils in a Multiethnic Classroom in the Czech Republic
Jaromira Sindelarova
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):24-29 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.24-29
In accordance with new principles of curricular policy formulated in the National Program of Development of Education in the Czech Republic in 2004 the new system of curricular documents for education of pupils from three to nineteen years of age is given. The aim of the article is to describe general situation with this related and outline main tasks which wait the Czech educational system in the connection with these problems in immediate future.
Ethnic Attitudes and Prejudice within the System of Multicultural Education
Dagmar Kovačikova
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):30-33 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.30-33
In the process of multicultural education and reaching its humane objective we often hit the barrier of prejudice. In order to reduce prejudice it is necessary to be aware of the fact that it means a long-term influence by which prejudice can be at least reduced, if not completely eliminated. Negative attitudes or even prejudices at the point of meeting of two different ethnic groups can also be seen among children. The area of ethnic and racial attitudes was the subject of survey, in which we examined positive or negative opinions of the elementary school pupils concerning selected ethnic and racial groups they can get in contact with.
Motivation as Realisation of Needs and Interests
Alfred Prigl, Henrieta Priglova, Bronislava Jakubikova
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):34-39 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.34-39
In the study, the authors analyse all the factors of human motivation which lead to a concrete act of a subject. It is not only about mechanical analysis of the components of motivation structure, but also about reciprocal dynamic links and connections. It deals with the relation between motives, needs and interests as a multilateral continual process.
The Postindustrial Society, Science and Professions
Roman Hofreiter
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):40-44 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.40-44
Our main aim is to characterize the settlement and mutations of theories of professions using also other than traditional sociological approaches to this issue. Above all, we have been inspired by conceptions formed in the area of science and technology studies. The main argument appears from the fact that enquiry into professions can possible lead to description of important mutation that characterizes the scene of work and class-divided composition of "postindustrial society".
Antiprejudicial Education in the Information Society
Vlasta Cabanova
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):45-47 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.45-47
Prejudices are the main obstacles to successful implementation of multicultural principle in the life of the Slovak society. The prejudices create a consequential obstacle to good interpersonal relations for the sake of moral deficit manifested in condemning and consequent nonobjective judgement of different people as will as in social life phenomena.
A-D Typology of TV Viewers
Daniel Kotrc
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):48-51 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.48-51
We can distinguish the types of TV viewers in quantitative (capacity of viewing) and qualitative (activity/passive) aspects, and their synthesis (A-D types of TV viewers).We documented the dominance of television and radio in cares of 595 adolescent respondents.Practical possibility of using of A-D TV viewers types (and differentiation of TV viewers by capacity of viewing or their activity/passive) has approved.
Phrasemes in the Context of Students' Communication
Dana Balakova, Viera Kovacova, Zdena Kralova
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):52-56 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.52-56
Phraseme application in all communication spheres and their appropriate performance forms are of particular interest to Slovak linguists against current dynamic tendencies in language communication. One of the necessary preconditions of successful communication is the knowledge and appropriate semantic interpretation of the most frequent phrasemes of a language. Since the language, culture and history are closely related, the phrasemes as specific lexical units reflecting life experience and wisdom of all generations help the language users in their overall personal advancement; including the phrasemes in the teaching of foreign languages is conditional...
Barriers and Ways of Creativity Development in Music Education
Peter Krbata
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):57-60 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.57-60
Significance of creativity and its pedagogical and psychological attributes, difference in its interpretation, situation in the world. An outline of authors and their works in Slovakia or in the Czech Republic, barriers of creativity, competence, attributes and abilities, personality of the music teacher. Methods and forms of creative music education, an application of various games, especially musical ones, role as well as dramatic plays. Project work. Creativity and new multimedia technologies. The profile of an unsuccessful music teacher. Models of creative exercises, practical experience and their application.
New Trends in Microeconomics Theory
Juraj Dubovec, Tibor Hlacina
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):61-63 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.61-63
An economist is a professional paid for making wrong economic decisions…While organising a successful business system we can expect that any small internal or external changes can trigger disproportionate responses within the network of international connections and business perspective of the investors. To assume the future development of economy is a problem, nevertheless the economists are trying to find a way of applying the new knowledge if they want to predict the future of certain situations in the real economic system.
Emergency Medical Service Planning
Ludmila Janosikova
Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2007, 9(2):64-68 | DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2007.2.64-68
The paper deals with emergency medical service planning using methods of mathematical programming. The goal is to offer a support tool to the health management evaluating the emergency system quality and efficiency. Mathematical models are implemented in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. Special attention is paid to the Zilina region.